The Trump administration has **finalized a new rule** capping the maximum time international students and exchange visitors can stay in the United States at **four years**, ending the long-standing "duration of status" policy that allowed indefinite stays while enrolled [1][2]. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced the regulation on Thursday, with publication in the Federal Register expected immediately; the rule will take effect **60 days later**, making it operational for the **September academic term** [1][5].
Under the new policy, holders of **F-1 student visas** and **J-1 exchange visas** will no longer automatically remain in the U.S. until their studies conclude [2]. Instead, their authorized stay is fixed at four years unless they successfully apply for an **extension** through DHS, which will involve **strict scrutiny** of their academic progress and need to continue [1][3]. Students wishing to **change their major** or academic program will face tighter restrictions, with DHS requiring detailed justification for any change that necessitates a stay extension [1][6].
The regulation **automatically applies** to students already in the U.S., converting their existing indefinite status to the new four-year limit [1]. DHS Secretary **Mark A. Weinberger** (note: Korean text says "Mark Wayne Mullen," likely referring to current DHS leadership) stated the old system was outdated and facilitated **immigration fraud**, arguing the new rule ensures students focus on completing their degrees and returning home [1]. Currently, over **1.8 million** student visa holders are in the U.S., and this move aligns with the administration's broader effort to raise barriers for legal immigrants, including recent fees on professional visas [1].
Critics and university leaders warn the rule creates **uncertainty** and could deter top global talent, as graduate programs and research projects often exceed four years [3][7]. While DHS has outlined transition measures for current students, the requirement for regular **assessments** and extension applications adds significant administrative burdens for both students and educational institutions [4][6].
